Settled on the border of Asia and Europe, Turkey is an archive of Islamic Middle East impact and the influence of Christian European West. Turkey at present represents a modern and westernised culture that exists along with it’s more exotic and esoteric side hidden from outside world. Explore the dual sides of the country with the natural panoramic landscape, historic places, fertile valleys, huge mountain ranges, rugged coastline and quaint villages.

The best time to visit Turkey is April, May and September, October which as the temperature is warm and conducive to explore the ancient sites. However, Turkey is considered a year-round destination and the best time to visit depends on the places you wish to visit and the activities you want to indulge in. April and May (spring season) is the best time for outdoor activities like trekking and cycling or exploring the archaeological sites. June through September are typically hot and dry with temperatures being particularly high making it great for island hoppers and beach lovers.

Turkish food is along quite similar lines with Greek food but more refined. Meat forms the staple component of the Turkish diet with lamb being the dominating feature and dishes spiced fragrantly, although not as much as Indian cuisine. The vegetarian section of the cuisine offers meze- a variety of sauces, vegetables and dips, which is often served as a main meal. Another vegetarian dish in Turkey is Dolma (stuffed vegetables). Kofte, Shish, Pide, Lokum and Dolma are some of the favourites of the locals. Alcohol is widely enjoyed in the country but is not served in some of the local restaurants. Raki, Ayran, Turkish tea and coffee, Turkish beer, Red and white wine are some of the major beverages in the country to enjoy.

Shopping in Turkey is a fun experience especially, in its vibrant and bustling bazaars. There are many souvenir shops with all sorts of items; however, the most popular gifts to buy include jewellery, leather apparel, locally made handicrafts, nargiles (water pipes) and musical instruments and carved meerschaum. Other significant products to look out for are the famous Turkish carpets, brass and copperware textiles, embroideries, copper work, ceramics, onyx, mother-of-pearl, inlaid woodwork, rugs and kilims. Istanbul is a major hub of shopping being packed with plenty of boutiques and big label brands. In resort towns including Marmaris, Kusadasi and Bodrum, one will find souvenirs and handicrafts of low quality and copies of branded products.

Turkey’s official language, Turkish, is of course the most widely spoken language, but the Marmara Region is also home to Greek, Armenian, Ladino, Arabic, Bulgarian, Venetian Italian, Albanian, Romanian, Georgian, Laz, Aramaic, Persian and more. Many of the 17% of Turkey’s population who speak English as a second language are also located in this region.

1. ISTANBUL

Although not the official capital of Turkey, Istanbul is still very much the heart of all activities in the country. It is Turkey’s largest and most populated city and also the centre of tourism. Istanbul is located on both sides of the Bosphorus and thus lies in both Europe and Asia.

Istanbul is known for the marvellous structures of Hagia Sophia, Sultan Ahmed Mosque, the Topkapi Palace and the Dolmabahe Palace. Almost all of these buildings today serve as museums, providing insight into the grand lives of the emperors and kings, and the spectacular Byzantine and later European architecture. Istanbul also has some splendid gardens, such as the Gulhane and the Emirgan, which come alive during spring when the tulips start to bud, and the colours start to flourish. Cruises along the Bosphorus Strait is a hugely popular activity with spectacular views of the cityscape. Istanbul is also a shopper’s paradise, with one of the world’s first shopping malls, the Grand Bazaar, and several streets dedicated to small stores and stalls.

Places to visit in Istanbul: Topkapi Palace, Basilica Cistern, Bosphorus, Grand Bazaar, Hagia Sophia, Sultan Ahmed Mosque (Blue Mosque), Dolmabahce Palace

2. ANTALYA

Antalya is one of the oldest yet most modern cities in Turkey. It is located in the southwestern region and is bordered by the Tauras Mountains. Antalya is famous as a Turkish resort city since it is home to several stunning beaches flanked by large and luxurious Las Vegas style resorts. It is as popular with couples looking for a romantic getaway as it is with families looking for an unforgettable trip. Antalya is popular for its vibrant nightlife, besides its many beaches and historical sites.

Places to visit in Antalya: Kaleici – Antalya’s Old Town, Historic Ruins at Aspendos, Duden Waterfalls, Antalya Cable Car, Konyaaltı Beach, Antalya museum, Yivli Minare Mosque, Antalya Aquarium

3. ANKARA

Ankara is the capital of Turkey and the second largest city after Istanbul. It is located in the centre of the Anatolian region and is known to be the nation’s administrative centre. It is home to many well-preserved Roman and Ottoman relics scattered throughout the city.

Ankara is a sprawling metropolitan that appears as a concrete jungle at a glance. However, it has much to offer to those willing to look deeper. It has several historical landmarks, museums, and mosques. It is also a green city with many parks and open spaces. The highlight of the city is Ankara Castle, a medieval citadel on a high hill overlooking Ankara.

Once known as Angora, Ankara gave its name to the famous Angora wool, which is shorn from Angora rabbits, Angora cats and Angora goats. Ankara is also known for its pears, muscat grapes, honey and doner kebab.

Places to visit in Ankara: The Ankara Castle, Ataturk Museum at Antikabir, Haci Bayram Mosque, Museum of Anatolian Civilizations, The Roman Baths of Ankara, an open-air museum, Aqua Vega Aquarium, The Kocatepe Mosque

4. CAPPADOCIA

Cappadocia is one of the most popular tourist destinations in Turkey. It is located in the centre of Turkey, almost 700km from Istanbul. It is a land of natural wonder famous for its picturesque valleys, unique cave hotels, mystical underground cities and fairy chimneys (unique rock formations). Cappadocia is also most popular for its breathtaking hot air balloon rides at sunrise.

The ancient valleys of Cappadocia offer many hiking trails. There is so much hiking here that it will take you at least a week to explore them all. Goreme is one of the main highlights of Cappadocia. It is home to an open-air museum and historical sites, home to hidden churches and exotic frescoes.

Places to visit in Cappadocia: Red and Rose Valley, Gšreme Open-air Museum, Hot Air Balloon Ride, Fair Chimneys at Pasabag Valley, Uchisar Castle, Zelve Valley, Gšreme

5. PAMUKKALE

Pamukkale is located in southwestern Turkey, in the Denizli Province. It is very famous for its travertines (hot water springs) which is a magical site with turquoise pools and snow-white cliffs. It is one of the most photogenic places in the world.

Places to visit in Pamukkale: Pamukkale Natural Park, Travertines, Hierapolis, an ancient Greek city, Pamukkale Amphitheatre, Hierapolis Museum or the Denizli Hierapolis Archeology Museum

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